{"orpha":507,"name":"Leishmaniasis","type":"Disease","group":"Disorder","status":"active","flags":[],"synonyms":[],"definition":"A parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus <i>Leishmania</i> (>20 pathogenic species), transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. Three main syndromes are recognized: visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL; localized and diffuse forms) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a cutaneous sequela of VL. Most infections remain asymptomatic.","note":null,"url":"https://raremap.alftech.space/d/ORPHA-507/","orphanet_url":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/507","names":{"fr":{"name":"Leishmaniose","definition":"Maladie parasitaire causée par des protozoaires du genre <i>Leishmania</i> (plus de 20&nbsp;espèces pathogènes), transmise par la piqûre de phlébotomes femelles infectées. On distingue trois syndromes principaux&nbsp;: la leishmaniose viscérale (LV), la leishmaniose cutanée (LC&nbsp;; formes localisée et diffuse) et la leishmaniose cutanéo-muqueuse. La leishmaniose cutanée post-kala-azar (PKDL) est une séquelle cutanée de la leishmaniose viscérale (LV). La plupart des infections restent asymptomatiques."},"de":{"name":"Leishmaniose","definition":"Die Leishmaniose ist eine parasitäre Erkrankung, die durch verschiedene Arten der Gattung <i>Leishmania</i> verursacht wird und durch den Biss hämatophager weiblicher Sandmücken (Phlebotominae) übertragen wird. Das klinische Spektrum reicht von asymptomatischen bis hin zu klinisch offenen Erkrankungen, die auf der Haut lokalisiert bleiben oder sich auf die oberen Mund- und Atemschleimhäute oder im gesamten Retikulo-Endothelsystem ausbreiten können. Drei klinische Hauptsyndrome wurden beschrieben: viszerale (oder Kala-Azar; mit Fieber, Gewichtsverlust, Hepatosplenomegalie), kutane und mukokutane Leishmaniose (kutane oder mukokutane Ulzerationen)."},"es":{"name":"Leishmaniasis","synonyms":["Leishmaniosis"],"definition":"Es una enfermedad parasitaria causada por diferentes especies del género <i>Leishmania</i>, transmitidas a través de la picadura de una hembra de flebótomo hematófago. El espectro clínico varía de enfermedad asintomática a una enfermedad con manifestaciones clínicas que pueden permanecer localizadas en la piel o bien diseminarse a las membranas mucosas orales superiores y respiratorias o a través del sistema retículo-endotelial. Se ha descrito tres síndromes clínicos principales: leishmaniasis visceral (o Kala-Azar; con fiebre, pérdida de peso, hepatoesplenomegalia), cutánea y mucocutánea (ulceración cutánea o mucocutánea)."},"it":{"name":"Leishmaniosi","definition":"La Leishmaniosi è una parassitosi causata da diverse specie di protozoi del genere Leishmania che si trasmette attraverso il morso della mosca femmina della sabbia flebotoma ematofaga. Dal punto di vista clinico, la malattia può essere asintomatica o conclamata; in quest'ultimo caso può rimanere localizzata sulla cute, oppure diffondersi alla mucosa orale superiore e respiratoria o al sistema reticoloendoteliale. Sono state descritte tre sindromi principali: leishmaniosi viscerale (o Kala-Azar, con febbre, perdita di peso ed epatosplenomegalia), cutanea e cutaneo-mucosa (ulcere cutanee o cutaneo-mucose)."},"nl":{"name":"Leishmaniasis","synonyms":["Leishmaniase"],"definition":"Een parasitaire ziekte veroorzaakt door verschillende soorten van het genus <i>Leishmania</i>, die worden overgedragen door een beet van hematofage vrouwelijke <i>Phlebotominae</i>-zandvliegen. Het klinisch spectrum gaat van asymptomatisch tot klinisch duidelijk merkbare ziekte die beperkt kan blijven tot de huid of kan verspreiden naar de bovenste orale en respiratoire slijmvlies of doorheen het reticulo-endotheliaal systeem. De drie voorname klinische syndromen die werden beschreven, zijn viscerale (of Kala-Azar; met koorts, gewichtsverlies, hepatosplenomegalie), cutane, en mucocutane leishmaniasis (cutane of mucocutane ulceratie)."},"pt":{"name":"Leishmaniose"},"pl":{"name":"Leiszmanioza"},"cs":{"name":"Leishmanióza"},"uk":{"name":"Лейшманіоз","definition":"A parasitic disease caused by different species of the genus <i>Leishmania</i>, transmitted through the bite of hematophagous female phlebotomine sand flies. The clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to clinically overt disease which can remain localized to the skin or disseminate to the upper oral and respiratory mucous membranes or throughout the reticulo-endothelial system. Three main clinical syndromes have been described: visceral (or Kala-Azar; with fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly), cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (cutaneous or mucocutaneous ulceration)."},"zh":{"name":"利什曼病"},"tr":{"name":"Leşmanyaz"}},"xrefs":[{"source":"OMIM","code":"608207","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true},{"source":"ICD-10","code":"B55.0","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true},{"source":"ICD-10","code":"B55.1","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true},{"source":"ICD-10","code":"B55.2","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true},{"source":"ICD-10","code":"B55.9","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true},{"source":"ICD-11","code":"1F54","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true,"icd11_uri":"1082373067"},{"source":"ICD-11","code":"1F54.0","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true,"icd11_uri":"1646564717"},{"source":"ICD-11","code":"1F54.1","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true,"icd11_uri":"124737785"},{"source":"ICD-11","code":"1F54.2","qualifier":"BTNT","icd_relation":"specific","validated":true,"icd11_uri":"1942095878"},{"source":"MONDO","code":"0011989","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true},{"source":"MeSH","code":"D007896","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true},{"source":"UMLS","code":"C0023281","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true},{"source":"GARD","code":"6881","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true},{"source":"MedDRA","code":"10024198","qualifier":"E","icd_relation":null,"validated":true}],"associations":[],"incoming_associations":[],"preferential_parent":{"orpha":68416,"name":"Rare infectious disease"},"parents":[{"orpha":163588,"name":"Rare parasitic disease","classifications":[203]}],"children":[],"genes":[],"genes_via_subtypes":[],"inheritance":["Not applicable"],"onset":["All ages"],"prevalence":[{"type":"Point prevalence","qualification":"Value and class","class":"1-9 / 1 000 000","value":0.1,"area":"Europe","status":"Validated","source":"European Medicines Agency 2012[OTHER]"},{"type":"Annual incidence","qualification":"Value and class","class":"1-5 / 10 000","value":25.0,"area":"Worldwide","status":"Validated","source":"World Health Organization[OTHER]_ORPHANET"}],"phenotypes":{"validation_status":"y","online":"y","validation_date":"2017-02-02","source":"27004573[PMID]_27347283[PMID]_26682298[PMID]_26568335[PMID]","terms":[{"hpo":"HP:0001892","label":"Abnormal bleeding","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0004311","label":"Abnormal macrophage morphology","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0000163","label":"Abnormal oral cavity morphology","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0011830","label":"Abnormal oral mucosa morphology","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0002240","label":"Hepatomegaly","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0002716","label":"Lymphadenopathy","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0030166","label":"Night sweats","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001876","label":"Pancytopenia","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0200034","label":"Papule","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001954","label":"Recurrent fever","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0012384","label":"Rhinitis","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0200035","label":"Skin plaque","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0200042","label":"Skin ulcer","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001744","label":"Splenomegaly","frequency":"Very frequent (99-80%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001903","label":"Anemia","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0002829","label":"Arthralgia","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0002910","label":"Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0003073","label":"Hypoalbuminemia","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0010702","label":"Increased circulating immunoglobulin concentration","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0000980","label":"Pallor","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001824","label":"Weight loss","frequency":"Frequent (79-30%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0002039","label":"Anorexia","frequency":"Occasional (29-5%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0012378","label":"Fatigue","frequency":"Occasional (29-5%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001882","label":"Leukopenia","frequency":"Occasional (29-5%)","criteria":null},{"hpo":"HP:0001873","label":"Thrombocytopenia","frequency":"Occasional (29-5%)","criteria":null}]}}