raremaprare-disease reference indexOrphadata 2026-06-23 · HPO 2026-09-01
ORPHA:1541

Craniosynostosis, Boston type

Synonyms: Craniosynostosis, Warman type · Warman-Mulliken-Hayward syndrome

Type
Malformation syndrome
Group
Disorder
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant
Age of onset
Infancy, Neonatal
Status
active

Craniosynostosis, Boston type is a form of syndromic craniosynostosis, characterized by a highly variable craniosynostosis with frontal bossing, turribrachycephaly and cloverleaf skull anomaly. Hypoplasia of the supraorbital ridges, cleft palate, extra teeth and limb anomalies (triphalangeal thumb, 3-4 syndactyly of the hands, a short first metatarsal, middle phalangeal agenesis in the feet) have also been described. Associated problems include headache, poor vision, and seizures. Intelligence is normal.

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Names in Orphadata languages

12 of 12 languages
LangNameSynonyms
enCraniosynostosis, Boston typeCraniosynostosis, Warman type · Warman-Mulliken-Hayward syndrome
frCraniosynostose type BostonCraniosynostose type Warman · Syndrome de Warman-Mulliken-Hayward
deKraniosynostose Typ BostonKraniosynostose Typ Warman · Warman-Mulliken-Hayward-Syndrom
esCraneosinostosis tipo BostonCraneosinostosis tipo Warman · Síndrome de Warman-Muliken-Hayward
itCraniosinostosi, tipo BostonCraniosinostosi, tipo Warman · Sindrome di Warman-Mulliken-Hayward
nlCraniosynostose, Boston-typeCraniosynostose, Warman-type · Syndroom van Warman-Mulliken-Hayward
ptCraniossinostose, tipo BostonCraniossinostose, tipo Warman · Síndrome Warma-Mulliken-Hayward
plKraniosynostoza typu bostońskiegoKraniosynostoza typu Warmana · Zespół Warmana, Mullikena i Haywarda
csKraniosynostóza, typ BostonKraniosynostóza, Warmanův typ · Warmanův-Mullikenův-Haywardův syndrom · Warman-Mulliken-Haywardův syndrom
ukКраніосиностоз, бостонський типКраніосиностоз, тип Уормана · Синдром Уормана-Маллікена-Хейворда
zh颅缝早闭,波士顿型Warman-Mulliken-Hayward 综合征
trKraniosinostoz, Boston tipiKraniyosinostoz, Warman tipi · Warman-Mulliken-Hayward sendromu

Definition in:

2

Cross-references

qualifier = Orphanet mapping relation
SourceCodeQualifierICD relationValidation
OMIM604757Evalidated
ICD-10Q75.8NTBTattributedvalidated
ICD-11LD24.GYNTBTindexvalidated
MONDO0011481Evalidated
MeSHC565753Evalidated
UMLSC1858160Evalidated
GARD5538Evalidated

E exact · NTBT this ORPHAcode is narrower than the target · BTNT broader than the target · ND not decided.

3

Classification

Preferential parent (Orphanet linearisation):

Parents in the classifications (1):

No children.

4

Genes

1 direct
GeneAssociationStatusHGNCEnsemblOMIMLocusNameSource of validation
MSX2Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inAssessedHGNC:7392ENSG000001201491231015q35.2msh homeobox 223918290[PMID]_23949913[PMID]
5

Prevalence and incidence

2 records
TypeClassValueAreaQualificationValidationSource
Cases/families3 familiesWorldwideFamily(ies)Validated23949913[PMID]_23918290[PMID]_8357019[PMID]
Point prevalence<1 / 1 000 000—WorldwideClass onlyValidatedORPHANET_23949913[PMID]_23918290[PMID]_8357019[PMID]

Value is Orphadata's ValMoy: the mean estimate per 100 000 for prevalence and incidence, the number of cases or families for case reports.

6

HPO phenotypes

Orphanet has no HPO annotation for this code in this release.

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Sources for this card